大气悬浮颗粒PM_(10)对感烟火灾探测器本底效应研究

The Base Smoke Density of Smoke Fire Detector Created by the Suspended Particulate PM_(10) in Atmosphere

针对大气污染引起的悬浮颗粒 ,尤其是可吸入颗粒 (PM10 )对感烟火灾探测器产生的本底效应进行了分析 ,并以离子型感烟探测器为例对本底值进行计算 ,通过比较 ,显示不同程度的大气颗粒物污染对感烟探测器本底影响的差异极小 ,排除了感烟探测器在悬浮颗粒污染严重地区发生灵敏度和误报率升高的可能。确认目前各国感烟火灾探测器检测标准对灵敏度指标的规定可以统一 ,粒子计数等高分辨率颗粒浓度测量技术的发展将使该本底效应的影响不可忽略。

The base smoke density of the smoke fire detectors created by the air-pollutant inducing suspended particulate, especially the PM 10, has been analyzed. It has also been calculated according to the ionization fire detectors. Through the comparison of the differences of the base smoke density, induced by the different levels of particulate pollution in atmosphere in different areas, it was found that the difference in base affection is quite little. In this case, it is impossible that the sensitivity and false alarm ratio of the smoke fire detectors will increase when they work in the heavy air pollutant area. So, the standards to define the sensitivity of the smoke fire detector could be the same in different areas, which have different levels of air pollutant. In the future, the effect of the base smoke density would not be neglected with the development of the way to measure smoke with high distinguishability, such as the particulate counter.