岷江上游羌族的大禹崇拜——以禹生石纽说为中心

The Worship of Dayu(a great hero who suceeded in preventing floods under control in history)of Qiang People in the Upper Reaches ofMingjiagn River . (Concentrating the study on the tale of Dayu’s birth from Shiniu (twotwistedstones)

禹生石纽是四川岷江上游羌人的神话传说,它是古代羌人崇拜民族祖先大禹的产物。岷江上游羌人是迁徙定居的族群,他们需要以大禹神灵来建构族群认同。历史上禹生石纽的汶川、北川之争,反映的是岷江上游羌族部落的历史记忆。羌人对华夏大禹神话的羌族化改造与诠释,显示出秦汉时期大禹崇拜多元化的特点。

ItisalegendthatDayu(agreatherowhosuceededinpreventingfloodsundercontrolinhistory) wasbornfromShiNiu(twotwistedstones) .SuchtaleisverypopularamongQiangpeoplewholiveintheupper reachedofMingjiangRiverinSichuanprovince .Infact,thisisaresultofthattheancientQiangpeopleadoredtheir forefather-Dayu .QiangpeoplewholiveintheupperreachesofmingjiangRiveroncewasaimmigrantgroup .There fore,theyneededagreatherooftheirown .Dayuplayedsucharole .TheancientQiangpeopleformedacohesive forceandthentheyestablishedtheiridentityaroundthegreatman .ThereexistsadifferenceinDayu’sbirthplace . OnesideinsistthatitisinWenchuancounty ,theotherthinkthatit’sinbeichuanCounty ,bothcountiesarenow belongedtoSichuanprovince .ThedivergenceistheQiangpeople’smemoryoftheirtribesinthehistory.Thosean cientQiangpeoplelookedonDayuwhowasalegendofHuaXiazu ,thepredecessorsoftoday’sHanzuastheirown heroandgaveafullexplanation .ItshowsthatDayuwasbeingadoredbydifferentpeoplesintheperiodofQinto HanDynasty . [