高脂膳食所致大鼠高血糖及其与肠道菌群、代谢产物的相关性实验研究

Experimental study on hyperglycemia induced by high-fat diet in rats and its correlation with intestinal flora and metabolites

目的:探讨高脂膳食在肠道菌群的改变与胰岛素抵抗的作用,以及肠道菌群在糖尿病前期大鼠糖尿病发生、发展中的作用。方法:采用高脂饲料喂养大鼠,构建高脂饮食诱导肥胖组,以正常饲料组为对照组,搜集大鼠血液和粪便,测定2组空腹血糖、血清胰岛素,粪便游离氨、短链脂肪酸和肠道菌群的动态变化。结果:造模组大鼠从第6周开始空腹血糖水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,造模组大鼠在第3周和第6周的血清胰岛素水平显著提高(P<0.05),在第3周、第6周和第9周的粪便游离氨水平显著提高(P<0.05);造模组大鼠在第9周的粪便中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、总短链脂肪酸水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);肠道菌群多样性测序结果显示,造模组与对照组在第9周的肠道菌群存在显著差别。结论:高脂膳食会使大鼠身体处于不健康的代谢紊乱状态,主要体现在血糖增高,胰岛素抵抗,粪便游离氨水平升高、粪便短链脂肪酸的代谢降低和肠道菌群结构失调,进而加重2型糖尿病发病进程。

Objective:To explore the effects of high-fat diet on intestinal microflora and insulin resistance,and the role of intestinal flora in the occurrence and development in the pre-diabetes diabetic rats.Methods:Rats were fed with high-fat diet to construct a high-fat diet-induced obesity group,the control group was fed normal diet.The blood and feces of rats were collected and the dynamic changes of fasting blood glucose,serum insulin,fecal free ammonia,short chain fatty acid and intestinal flora were measured in two groups.Results:The fasting blood glucose level of the model group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the 6 th week(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum insulin levels of the model group were significantly increased at the 3 rd and 6 th weeks(P<0.05),and the fecal free ammonia levels of the model group were significantly increased at the 3 rd,6 th and 9 th weeks(P<0.05).The levels of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and total short chain fatty acids in the feces of the model group were significantly lower than those of the control group at the 9 th week(P<0.05).The results of intestinal microflora diversity showed that there were significant differences in intestinal flora between the model group and the control group at the 9 th week.Conclusion:High-fat diet can lead to unhealthy metabolic disorders in rats,including the high blood sugar,insulin resistance,fecal free ammonia levels,fecal short-chain fatty acid metabolism and intestinal flora structural disorders,thereby increasing the incidence of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus process.