2[2]Pinion F B. A Hardy companion-A Guide to the Works of Thomas Hardy and Their Background[M]. London: Macmillan, 1968.145.
3[11][31][34]Florence Emily Hardy. The Life of Thomas Hardy [M].London: Macmillan, 1962.274,271,176.
4[12][14][23]Jeannette King. Tragedy in the Victorian Novel: Theory and Practice in the Novel of George Eliot, Thomas Hardy and Henry James[M].London: Cambridge University Press ,1978.22,115.
5[24]Joseph Garver. Thomas Hardy: "The Return of the Native"[M]. London: Macmillan, 1988. 97.