阳离子化牛血清白蛋白致大鼠慢性肾炎模型的研究

Discussion on rat model of chronic nephritis induced by cationic bovine serum albumin

目的探索利用阳离子化牛血清白蛋白(C-BSA)复制膜性肾病模型的可行性,探讨模型特点,以及模型对各项指标的影响及规律。方法模型组隔日尾iv给予C-BSA溶液5 mg/只,持续6周;造模停止后继续观察4周。造模期第4、6周以及观察期第8、10周采集血样、尿样,测定血清生化指标、血常规指标、尿蛋白指标等,并留取相关脏器,计算脏器系数,并进行病理学检查。结果造模期时,血清总蛋白、白蛋白明显下降,血脂明显升高,肌酐、尿素氮变化不明显;血浆黏度明显升高,全血黏度变化不大;尿蛋白明显增加,尿量减少,尿白细胞增加;血红细胞、血红蛋白降低;肾系数、脾系数明显提高,体质量明显下降;模型组动物肾脏可见不同程度的肾小管蛋白管型、肾小管扩张、再生肾小管、间质炎细胞浸润、肾小球鲍曼氏囊增厚。造模结束进入观察期后,模型出现一定程度的恢复,各项指标均向正常值趋近。结论成功复制了大鼠C-BSA模型,模型稳定,临床表现典型,可重复性高。

Objective To explore the feasibility of using cationic bovine serum albumin(C-BSA) on producing membranous nephropathy rat model, and to discuss the characteristics and parameters of the model. Methods The SD rats model was established by iv injection with C-BSA(5 mg) every other day for 6 weeks. Then they were observed for 4 weeks after model establishment. At the end of 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks the blood and urine samples were collected, the serum biochemical indexes, blood routine, urine protein, etc. were determined, the relevant organs were taken, viscera coefficients were calculated, and pathological examination was performed. Results During the model establishment, 1) the total proteins and albumin in serum were significantly decreased, serum lipids were increased obviously, and serum creatinine and urea nitrogen variation were not obvious changed; 2) the plasma viscosity was increased significantly, while whole blood viscosity was less changed; 3) the proteins were increased significantly, and the volume of urine was reduced, while leucocyte was increased in the urine; 4) the red blood cells and hemoglobin were decreased; 5) the coefficients of kidney and spleen were obviously increased, when the body weight was decreased obviously; 6) it was seen that varying degrees of renal tubular pipe type of protein, renal tubular expansion, regeneration of renal tubule and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, and thickening of glomerular bowman’s capsule in the kidneys. In observation period in a certain degree of recovery, many indicators were approaching to the normal levels. Conclusion The C-BSA induces an optimal outcome, with stable models, typical clinical manifestation, and high repeatability.