细胞穿膜肽在给药系统中的应用

Cell-penetrating Peptides and the Application of Drug Delivery System

细胞穿膜肽是一类能穿过细胞膜并由40个以内氨基酸组成的短肽,根据其来源可以分为天然细胞穿膜肽和人工合成穿膜肽。细胞对穿膜肽的摄取机制尚未统一定论,主要分为直接穿膜传导模式和内吞模式。由于细胞穿膜肽能携带各种物质穿过膜屏障,已被用于各种给药系统研究中,以促进药物的肠吸收、皮肤渗透和跨血脑屏障等。文章主要对细胞穿膜肽的分类、结构特点、穿膜机制和应用进行综述。

Cell-penetrating peptides( CPPs) are less than 40 amino acids in length and found to have the cell-penetrating function.The category of CPPs includes protein-derived peptides and synthetic peptides based on their origin. Though the subject still under debate and there is no unified theory,direct penetration and endocytosis have been suggested as the two major uptake mechanisms.With theexcellent ability to translocate cell membranes,CPPs have been successfully applied for delivery of therapeutic molecules across the cell membrane,those natural barriers always impair the intestinal absorption,skin penetration and blood-brain barrier penetration for therapeutic drug. This article will provide a general framework for the category,the structure characteristic,uptake mechanisms and applications of CPPs.