806名狂犬病暴露者抗体检测结果分析

Analysis of antibody detection results of 806 rabies exposure patients

目的分析巴彦淖尔市806名狂犬病暴露者抗体检测结果,了解疫苗免疫后抗体产生情况,为狂犬病的防控工作提供科学依据。方法对806名狂犬病暴露者采集静脉血分离血清并进行狂犬病抗体检测,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)检测血清Ig G抗体。结果在806名暴露者中,有716名抗狂犬病毒抗体呈阳性反应,阳性率为88. 83%;男性和女性的抗体阳性率分别为87. 04%和90. 68%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3. 95,P<0. 05);各季度接种人群间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5. 75,P <0. 05); 0～20岁组、21～50岁组、50～岁组阳性率分别为98. 35%、84. 71%、77. 54%,不同年龄组抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15. 67,P<0. 05),50～岁组与前两组差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9. 53,6. 45,P<0. 05),0～20岁组与21～50岁组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8. 78,P<0. 05)。结论暴露者疫苗注射后绝大多数能产生有效抗体,但抗体的阳性率并非达到100%,必须及时注射疫苗并进行抗体检测。

Objective To analyze the results of antibody detection of 806 rabies exposed in Bayannaoer,to understand the antibody production after vaccine immunization,and to provided a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rabies. Methods Blood samples were collected from 806 rabies exposed persons and tested for rabies antibodies. Serum Ig G antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA). Results Among the 806 vaccinated people,a total of 716 cases of antirabies virus antibody was positive and the positive rate was 88. 83%. Among the people who had complete immunization program,the positive rates of males and females were 87. 04% and 90. 68%respectively. There were statistically significant differences( χ~2= 3. 95,P<0. 05). There was a statistically significant difference in positive rate between vaccinated populations in each quarter.( χ~2= 5. 75,P<0. 05). The positive rates of the people from 0 to 20 years old,the people from 21 to 50 years old and the people more than 50 years old were 99. 42%,85. 57% and 80. 18% respectively. The difference in antibody positive rate between different age groups was statistically significant( χ~2= 15. 67,P<0. 05). The positive rate of the people more than 50 years old had statistically significant difference with the people from 0 to 20 years old and the people from 21 to 50 years old( χ~2= 9. 53,6. 45,P<0. 05). The positive rate of the people of 0 to 20 years old had statistically significant difference with the people from 21 to 50 years old( χ~2= 8. 78,P<0. 05). Conclusion The vast majority of exposed vaccines can produce effective antibodies,but the positive rate after vaccination could not reach 100. 00%. The exposed person must promptly inject the vaccine and conduct the antibody test.