一起学校流感聚集性疫情的流行病学调查与分析

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of a school influenza cluster epidemic

目的调查2018年1月贵州省惠水县某中学发生的一起聚集性流感病例事件,为当地教育、卫生、行政部门采取有效的预防控制措施提供参考。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对38例有发热(体温≥38. 0℃)、咳嗽、咽痛等流感样症状的学生进行流行病学调查并采集咽拭子样本13份进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果本次调查发现流感样症状病例38例,男18例、女20例,罹患率3. 67%;咽拭子样本经RT-PCR检测有甲型(A-SWH1)阳性5份,阳性率13. 15%,乙型(B-Yamagata)阳性7份,阳性率18. 42%,1份阴性。结论本次疫情为一起由甲、乙型流感病毒混合感染引起的聚集性疫情。

Objective To investigate a case of clustered influenza in a middle school in Huishui,Guizhou Province in January2018,so as to provide references for local education,health and administrative departments to take effective preventive and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to conduct epidemiological investigations on 38 cases of flu-like symptoms such as fever( body temperature ≥ 38. 0 ℃),cough,sore throat,and 13 samples of throat swabs were collected for influenza virus nucleic acid detection. Results A total of 38 cases of flu-like symptoms were found in the survey,including 18 males and 20 females. The prevalence rate was 3. 67%. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were positive for RT-PCR( 5)by A-SWH1,with a positive rate of 13. 15%. The positive rate of HBV( B-Yamagata) was 7,with a positive rate of 18. 42%. Conclusion The epidemic is an aggregated epidemic caused by a mixed infection of influenza A and B virus.