2004-2016年北京市海淀区突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of public health emergencies during 2004-2016 in Haidian District,Beijing

目的提高北京市海淀区卫生应急预防和处置能力,为突发公共卫生事件防控提供依据。方法对北京市海淀区2004-2016年报告的突发公共卫生事件进行回顾性调查和分析。结果 13年来北京市海淀区共报告突发公共卫生事件68起,其中一般事件(Ⅳ级) 63起、占92. 65%,较大事件(Ⅲ级) 5起,占7. 35%;共发病1 186人,死亡7人;主要集中在传染病和食物中毒事件,占事件总数的72. 06%(49/68);发生时间主要集中在每年6～8月,占事件总数的54. 41%(37/68);学校共报告突发公共卫生事件18起,占事件总数的26. 47%(18/68);最初报告人来源于卫生系统的占事件总数的89. 71%(61/68)。结论传染病和食物中毒是北京市海淀区突发公共卫生事件防控重点;每年6～8月是防控重点时间段;学校是发生突发公共卫生事件的主要场所。

Objective To strengthen the capacity for emergency prevention and handling and provide references for prevention and control of public health emergencies in Haidian District. Methods Retrospective study and analysis were carried out on public health emergencies happened in Haidian District during 2004-2016. Results In the past 13 years,68 cases of public health emergencies have been reported in Haidian District of Beijing,63 of which were general events( class IV),accounting for92. 65%;5 were larger events( Class III),accounting for 7. 35%,and a total of 1 186 people were attacked and 7 of them died. The happened public health emergencies were mainly concentrated on infectious diseases and food poisoning events,accounting for 72. 06%( 49/68) of the total number of incidents. Events occurred mainly in 6 ~ 8 month each year,accounting for54. 41%( 37/68) of the total number of events. 18 cases of public health emergencies were reported from schools,accounting for26. 47% of the total number of incidents( 18/68). The incidents which were initially reported by health system accounted for89. 71%( 61/68) of the total number of incidents. Conclusion Health emergency prevention and control should focus on infectious diseases and food poisoning in Haidian District. The period from June to August each year is the most important for the health emergency prevention and control work. Schools are the main places where public health emergencies occur.