北京市门头沟区2013-2017年猩红热流行病学特征分析

Epidemiologic characteristics of scarlet fever in Mentougou District of Beijing from 2013 to 2017

目的了解2013-2017年北京市门头沟区猩红热病例分布特征,为猩红热的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对来源于中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统的猩红热疫情资料进行统计分析。结果北京市门头沟区2013-2017年猩红热发病率分别为22. 95/10万、46. 15/10万、38. 53/10万、20. 45/10万、38. 59/10万;发病率居前3位地区依次为永定镇、龙泉镇和大峪街道;病例集中在6～、5～和7～岁年龄组;以学生、幼托儿童发病为主;流行曲线呈双峰型分布,集中在4～6月和11月～次年1月。病原学检测结果为A群溶血性链球菌,检出率为28. 81%。结论北京市门头沟区每年流行季节应加强永定、龙泉、大峪街道学生、幼托儿童的猩红热防控,并采取综合预防控制措施。

Objective To study the distribution characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Mentougou District of Beijing from 2013 to 2017,and to provide scientific evidence for the control and prevention of scarlet fever. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the data on the epidemic situation of scarlet fever. Results The reported incidence of scarlet fever were22. 95/100 000,46. 15/100 000,38. 53/100 000,20. 45/100 000 and 38. 59/100 000 respectively in this district from 2013 to 2017. The top three areas of the reported incidence were as following: Yongding Town,Longquan Town and Dayu Street. The cases were concentrated on 6 ~,5 ~,7 ~ age groups. The dominating occupations were students and preschool children. The epidemic curve was bimodal,which concentrated on April to June and November to January the next year. The result was group A haemolytic Streptococcus by pathogenic detection,and detection rate was 28. 81%. Conclusion The work of prevention and control of scarlet fever should be strengthened for those students and preschool children of Yongding,Longquan and Dayu Street in annual epidemic season,and comprehensive measures of prevention and control should be taken.