广东省珠海市2010-2017年人间布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of human brucellosis in Zhuhai City of Guangdong Province from 2010 to 2017

目的调查分析珠海市人间布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)流行病学特征和感染来源,为防控提供决策依据。方法对珠海市2010-2017年布病确诊病例进行流行病学调查,开展虎红平板凝集试验(rose bengal plate agglutination test,RBPT)和细菌分离培养鉴定,用时间序列分析发病季节趋势和长期趋势,描述性分析发病特征。结果 2010-2017年珠海市共报告布病病例63例,2013年发病强度显著增加,季节趋势显示4月和6月为两个发病高峰。职业人群和非职业人群的年均发病率分别为29. 17/10万和0. 33/10万。职业人群的接触方式主要以羊牛肉的加工为主(80. 95%,17/21),非职业人群的接触方式以羊牛产品消费为主(35. 71%,15/42)。无论是职业人群还是非职业人群,接触羊的发病最多,接触牛次之。分离菌株羊种3型,占95. 65%(22/23)。结论珠海市布病发病主要是接触了布鲁氏菌污染的羊或羊制品,需提高自我防护意识。建议相关部门加强家畜流通环节的检疫和监管。

Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and source of infection of human brucellosis in Zhuhai City,and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control. Methods An epidemiological investigation was carried out on the confirmed cases of brucellosis in Zhuhai City in 2010-2017. The rose bengal plate agglutination test( RBPT)and bacterial isolation and culture identification were carried out. The seasonal trend and long-term trend of the disease were analyzed by time series,and the characteristics of the disease were descriptively analyzed. Results In 2010-2017,a total of 63 cases of brucellosis were reported in Zhuhai City. The incidence of disease increased significantly in 2013,and the seasonal trend showed that there were two peak incidences in April and June. The annual incidence rates of occupational and non-professional populations were 29. 17/100 000 and 0. 33/100 000 respectively. The contact mode of the occupational population was mainly based on the processing of sheep beef( 80. 95%,17/21),and the contact mode of non-professionals was mainly based on the consumption of sheep and cattle products( 35. 71%,15/42). Regardless of whether it was a professional or non-professional population,exposure to sheep was the most common,followed by the exposure to cattle. The isolate strain was type 3,accounting for 95. 65%( 22/23). Conclusion The incidence of brucellosis in Zhuhai is mainly due to the contact with Brucella-contaminated sheep or sheep products,and it is necessary to raise the awareness of self-protection. It is recommended that relevant departments strengthen quarantine and supervision of livestock circulation.