1996-2017年呼和浩特市鼠疫流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of plague in Hohhot City from 1996 to 2017

目的分析1996-2017年呼和浩特市鼠疫流行特征,为制订预防控制对策提供依据。方法收集1996-2017年呼和浩特市各年鼠疫监测总结和疫情分析报告,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 1996-2017年呼和浩特市长爪沙鼠平均密度为2. 81只/hm^2,夜间活动鼠类平均捕获率为2. 90%,平均染蚤率为13. 34%,平均蚤指数为0. 25,共剖检各种宿主动物5 385只,培养各种蚤类611组1 290匹,2010年检出2只染疫长爪沙鼠,其他年份检查结果均为阴性。结论呼和浩特市存在鼠疫的散发流行,鼠疫控制应以科学监测为主,加强重点地区的监测和预警,以减少鼠疫的发生和流行。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of plague in Hohhot City from 1996 to 2017 and to provide references for the prevention and control of the plague. Methods The monitoring summary and epidemic analysis report of plague in Hohhot City from 1996 to 2017 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results From 1996 to2017,the average density of Meriones unguiculatus was 2. 81/hm^2;the average capture rate of nocturnal rodents was 2. 90%;the average flea infection rate was 13. 34%;the average flea index was 0. 25. A total of 5 385 kinds of host animals were detected,and 1 290 kinds of 611 groups were cultured. In 2010,two infected Meriones unguiculatus were detected. The results of detection in other years were all negative. Conclusion An sporadic plague epidemic was found in Hohhot City. It is necessary to conduct scientific monitoring and strengthen the monitoring and early warning in key areas to reduce the occurrence and prevalence of plague.