河北省唐山市2017年双壳贝类海产品中致病因子监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of pathogenic factors in bivalve products in 2017 in Tangshan City of Hebei Province

目的通过对唐山市市售双壳贝类海产品中致病因子监测结果进行分析,了解唐山市市售双壳贝类海产品弧菌的污染状况,及时发现食品安全隐患,预防食源性疾病。方法根据GB 4789. 7-2013对副溶血性弧菌进行分离、鉴定和血清分型;霍乱弧菌依据《霍乱防治手册》(第六版)分离、鉴定和血清分型;创伤弧菌和溶藻弧菌均依据《2017国家食品污染和有害因素风险工作手册》检验;用PCR荧光检测技术检测副溶血性弧菌、霍乱弧菌菌株的毒力基因;对全部菌株进行耐药性试验。结果 4种弧菌均有检出,以副溶血性弧菌检出率最高,为51. 25%(41/80)。41株副溶血性弧菌分离株分属于9个血清群,其中以O1∶K32占比最高;全部菌株种属特异基因tlh阳性、tdh和trh基因均阴性; 4株霍乱弧菌血清型均为非O1非O139血清群,毒力基因检测结果为Ctx AB阴性。药敏结果显示,41株副溶血性弧菌对氨苄西林(68. 29%)、头孢唑林(92. 68%)耐药率较高,4株霍乱弧菌对氨苄西林(100. 00%)、头孢他啶(75. 00%)耐药率较高,3株创伤弧菌和1株溶藻弧菌均对氨苄西林(100. 00%)、头孢唑林(100. 00%)耐药。结论唐山市市售双壳贝类海产品弧菌污染较严重。副溶血性弧菌为主要致病菌,每种弧菌均存在一定程度的耐药情况,应加强对海产品的监控和抗生素的使用管理。

Objective To investigate the contamination status of Vibrio in bivalve shellfish products sold in Tangshan City,detect hidden dangers of food safety and prevent foodborne diseases in time,through the analysis of the monitoring results of the pathogenic factors in the bivalve shellfish products sold in four counties of Tangshan City.Methods According to GB 4789.7-2013,the Vibrio parahaemolyticus were separated,identified and serotyped.Vibrio cholerae was isolated,identified and serotyped according to the'Cholera control manual'(6 th Edition).Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio alginolyticus were tested according to the'2017 National Food Pollution and Hazardous Factors Working Manual'.Virulence genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae were tested by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.All strains were tested for drug resistance.Results The monitoring results showed that four kinds of Vibrio were detected,and the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the highest,which was 51.25%(41/80).A total of 41 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were divided into 9 serogroups,among which O1∶K32 was the highest.All the strains were TLH positive.TDH and TRH were negative.The serotypes of Vibrio cholerae were non O1 non O139 serogroups.The test result of virulence gene was Ctx AB negative.Drug sensitivity test showed that 41 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus had higher resistance rate to ampicillin(68.29%)and cefazolin(92.68%).Four strains of Vibrio cholerae had higher resistance rate to ampicillin(100.00%)and ceftazidime(75.00%).Three strains of Vibrio vulnificus and one strain of Vibrio alginolyticus were all resistant to ampicillin(100.00%)and cefazolin(100.00%).Conclusion Vibrio contamination of bivalve shellfish products in Tangshan City is serious.Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the main pathogenic bacteria,and all kinds of Vibrio has a certain degree of drug resistance.The monitoring of seafood and the administration of antibiotics should be strengthened.