河北省保定市2013-2017年学校肺结核流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis in schools in Baoding City,Hebei Province from 2013 to 2017

目的了解保定市2013-2017年学校肺结核的流行情况,为制定相应的防控措施提供依据。方法收集结核病管理信息系统中保定市2013-2017年报告的学校肺结核病人信息,采用SPSS 16. 0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果保定市2013-2017年报告学校肺结核病人2 112例,占全人群报告肺结核总数的7. 67%(2 112/27 536),报告涂阳肺结核病人327例,占全人群涂阳肺结核病人的3. 64%(327/8 993),肺结核和涂阳肺结核所占比例逐年上升(χ趋势2=100. 99、18. 73,P <0. 01)。学校肺结核主要集中在第四季度(649例,占全年的30. 73%)和第二季度(589例,占全年的27. 89%);发病的学生病人中男性多于女性(男女性别比为1. 25∶1),大学及上学历所占比例最高(990例,占学生病人总数的49. 67%)。不同职业、不同诊断、不同学段、不同分类就诊延迟率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4. 00、62. 63、13. 89、9. 71,P <0. 05)。结论保定市2013-2017年学校肺结核疫情呈上升趋势,应进一步采取控制措施,以降低学校肺结核的发病率。

Objective To understand the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in schools in Baoding City from 2013 to 2017,and to provide evidence for the development of corresponding prevention and control measures.Methods The information of school pulmonary tuberculosis patients reported in Baoding from 2013 to 2017 in the TB management information system was collected,and the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software.Results In Baoding City,there were 2 112 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in 2013-2017,accounting for 7.67%(2 112/27 536)of the total number of pulmonary tuberculosis reported in the whole population.327 cases of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were reported,accounting for3.64%of the total population of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients(327/8 993).The proportion of tuberculosis and smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis increased year by year(χtrend2=100.99,18.73,P<0.01).School pulmonary tuberculosis is mainly concentrated in the fourth quarter(649 cases,accounting for 30.73%of the year)and the second quarter(589 cases,accounting for 27.89%of the year).There were more males than females(1.25∶1 male to female),and patients with college and higher education background accounted for the highest proportion(990 cases,or 49.67%of the total number of student patients).There were statistically significant differences in different occupations,different diagnoses,different grades of students,and different classification of delay rate(χ2=4.00,62.63,13.89,9.71,P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of school pulmonary tuberculosis was on the rise from 2013 to 2017 in Baoding City,and further control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of school pulmonary tuberculosis.