哈尔滨市8家三级甲等医院外科护士对艾滋病相关知识知晓状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of AIDS-related knowledge and its influencing factors among surgical nurses in 8 grade Ⅲ-A hospitals in Harbin

目的调查哈尔滨市8家三级甲等医院外科护士对艾滋病相关知识知晓状况并分析其影响因素,为提高外科护士防治艾滋病防护知识培训提供依据。方法采用自行设计的艾滋病相关知识调查问卷对哈尔滨市8家三级甲等医院外科护士的艾滋病相关知识知晓状况进行调查,同时对影响因素进行分析。结果 630名外科护士中,艾滋病相关知识得分≥18分为541名,总知晓率为85. 9%。基本知识知晓率为83. 2%(524/630)、传播途径知识知晓率为96. 5%(608/630)、职业防护知识知晓率为77. 5%(488/630)。不同年龄、学历、职称、职务、工作年限、接受过相关培训次数、针刺伤发生次数的外科护士艾滋病防护知识知晓率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=26. 098、37. 872、9. 067、9. 503、15. 876、22. 049、16. 585,P <0. 05),年龄越大(χ~2=26. 044,P <0. 01)、学历越高(χ~2=33. 826,P <0. 01)、职称越高(χ~2=9. 003,P <0. 05)、职务越高(χ~2=8. 889,P <0. 01)、工作年限越长(χ~2=15. 795,P <0. 01)、接受过相关培训次数越多(χ~2=21. 140,P <0. 01)、针刺伤发生次数越多(χ~2=16. 278,P <0. 01)的外科护士对艾滋病防护知识知晓率越高;年龄越大(OR=1. 812)、学历越高(OR=2. 008)、职称越高(OR=1. 516)、职务越高(OR=1. 228)、工作年限越长(OR=1. 121)、接受过相关培训次数越多(OR=2. 102)、发生职业暴露次数越多(OR=1. 948)等是影响艾滋病防护知识知晓率高的因素(P <0. 05)。结论外科护士对艾滋病基本知识、防护知识等知晓程度较低。应通过各种途径和手段进行艾滋病相关知识培训,提高外科护士对艾滋病相关知识的整体认知水平。

Objective To investigate the AIDS-related knowledge among surgical nurses in 8 gradeⅢ-A hospitals in Harbin and to analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a basis for improving the training of surgical nurses in preventing and treating AIDS.Methods The self-designed AIDS-related knowledge questionnaire was used to investigate the AIDS-related knowledge of surgical nurses in 8 gradeⅢ-A hospitals in Harbin,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results Among the 630 surgical nurses,541 nurses scored more than 18 about AIDS-related knowledge,with a total awareness rate of 85.9%.The basic knowledge awareness rate was 83.2%(524/630).The awareness rate of knowledge in transmission route was 96.5%(608/630),and in occupational protection was 77.5%(488/630).There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rates of AIDS prevention knowledge among surgical nurses with different ages,educational backgrounds,professional titles,positions,working years,times of received relevant training and number of needle-stick injuries(χ~2=26.098,37.872,9.067,9.503,15.876,22.049,16.585,P<0.05).The older the age(χ~2=26.044,P<0.01),the higher the educational background(χ~2=33.826,P<0.01),the higher the professional title(χ~2=9.003,P<0.05),the higher the position(χ~2=8.889,P<0.01),the longer the working years(χ~2=15.795,P<0.01),the more related trainings received(χ~2=21.140,P<0.01),the more occurrences of needle-stick injuries(χ~2=16.278,P<0.01),the higher the awareness rate of surgical nurses on AIDS prevention knowledge.Older age(OR=1.812),higher education(OR=2.008),higher professional title(OR=1.516),higher position(OR=1.228),longer working period(OR=1.121),more times of received relevant training(OR=2.102),more occupational exposures occurred(OR=1.948)were the factors that affected the high awareness rate of AIDS prevention knowledge(P<0.05).Conclusion Surgical nurses have a low level of awareness about AIDS basic knowledge and protective knowledge.It is suggested that AIDS-related knowledge training should be carried out through various ways or means to improve the overall cognitive level of surgical nurses’knowledge about AIDS.