间充质干细胞治疗中枢神经系统疾病的研究进展

Advances in Research on Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases

中枢神经系统疾病如脑卒中、创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、脑白质疾病(WMD)等,主要牵涉神经细胞凋亡导致的功能丧失,缺乏有效治疗手段。间充质干细胞(MSC)是一种异质性干细胞群,具有较强的组织修复和免疫调节潜能,来源多并被认为免疫原性较低。通过移植MSC治疗上述中枢神经系统疾病的临床前研究,大多取得了较好的安全性和有效性结果,且基于MSC移植的临床试验也接连展开,而MSC的鉴别、最佳移植路径、治疗的长期疗效和安全性,以及免疫原性等问题依然存在争论。主要从有效性和安全性两方面探讨MSC在治疗脑卒中、TBI、WMD方面的研究进展。

Central nervous system diseases such as stroke,traumatic brain injury(TBI),and white matter disease(WMD)are mainly involved in the loss of function caused by neuronal apoptosis and lack of effective treatment.Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)is a heterogeneous stem cell population with strong potential of tissue repair and immunomodulation.It has many sources and is considered to be less immunogenic.Most preclinical studies on central nervous system diseases by transplantation of MSC have achieved good safety and efficacy results,and clinical trials based on MSC transplantation are under way.However,issues concerning the identification of MSCs,the optimal route of transplantation,the long-term efficacy and safety of treatment as well as immunogenicity are still controversial.This article reviews the research progress of MSC in the treatment of stroke,TBI and WMD from the aspects of effectiveness and safety.