汉语方言江宕摄舒声开口非知二庄组字的合口化现象及其启示

The Phenomenon of The Openning and Non-checked Tone Characters with Non-division Ⅱ Zhi(知) And Zhuang(庄) Initials of Jiang(江) and Dang(宕) Rhyme Groups Increasing Rounding Media-u-In Chinese Dialects and Its Enlightenment

汉语方言江宕摄舒声开口非知二庄组字的合口化现象表明,江宕摄舒声开口字的合口化现象不仅涉及二三等字,也包含宕摄开口一等字,这与江宕摄入声开口字的合口化现象具有相似性,是r介音说无法解释的。江宕摄主元音的后圆唇性是其开口字发生合口化现象的基础,圆唇性越高开口字越容易合口化。官话方言江宕摄舒声开口仅有知二庄组字发生合口化与[∫]类声母的圆唇性质、[i]介音的存留和脱落及江宕摄主元音的持续低化并最终失去圆唇性有密切关系。

The phenomenon of the opening and Non-checked tone characters with non-division Ⅱ Zhi(知)and Zhuang(庄)initials of Jiang(江)and Dang(宕) rhyme groups increasing rounding media-u-in Chinese dialects shows that the phenomenon of the opening characters with non-checked tone increasing rounding media-u-in is not only including division II or Ⅲ characters, but also division Ⅰ ones, which is similar to the corresponding characters with entering tone, and cannot be explained by-r-theory. Having back and rounding vowel is the main basis for explaining why the opening characters increasing-umedia in Jiang and Dang rhyme groups. In Mandarin Dialects, only the characters with division Ⅱ, Zhi and Zhuang initials and non-checked tone in Jiang and Dang rhyme groups increased-u-media, which is related to the rounding property of [∫] initials, retention of [i] media, and the vowels of Jiang and Dang becoming lower and lower and last losing rounding property.