“少来”的表达功能及其副词化与标记化

Expressive Function, Adverbialization and Tokenization of “Shaolai(少来)”

否定副词'少来'演化自'S+少来+Vp'句式。'少来'在共时层面以连续统的形式存在。'少''来'的语法化和'少来'的副词化同步进行。作为规则化的隐性操作过程,词汇化压制为'少来'否定义的获得提供了解读依据。'少来'副词化过程中,'少'词义贡献度高于'来',否定义被凸显。'少来'否定义获得与'少'有直接关联,属义素否定范畴。'少'作为否定语义侧面等价物,与'少来'具有相近的否定表达功能,是基本信息负载单位,但'少来'的否定强度更高,主观化情态表达功能更凸显。

As a negative adverb, shaolai(少来) derived from the construction of "S+shao(少) lai(来)+Vp" the adverb of shaolai is distributed in a continuum in synchronic view. The process of the grammarticalization of shao, lai and the process of the adverbialization of shaolai is synchronous. As tacit rules of procedure, lexicalization coercion provides the theoretical support for how shaolai obtained the negative meaning. During the process of adverbialization of shaolai, the semantic contribution of shao is higher than lai. The negative meaning of shao is highlighted. There is a direct correlation between the negative meaning of shaolai and shao. The nature of negative of shaolai belongs to the category of sememe negative. As the negative semantic profile equivalent, shao has the similar expressive function. shao is the Primary Information-bearing Unit(PIBU) in shaolai. As the non-PIBU, the grammarticalization degree of lai is higher than shao. Compared with shao, the negative intensity of shaolai is stronger. The subjective modal expressions of shaolai are more salient.