云南省七个“特少”民族语言使用状况调查

A Survey of the Actual Use of Seven Extremely Rare Ethnic Languages in Yunnan

独龙族、怒族、普米族、德昂族、阿昌族、基诺族和布朗族七个民族,是云南省人数在10万人以下特有的世居的少数民族。现代化进程中,少数民族语言受到强势语言的冲击,有的少数民族语言在逐渐萎缩、蜕变、衰落甚至濒危。因此,了解在强势语言(普通话)、亚强势语言(云南汉语方言及其他使用人数较多的少数民族语言)的环境中,这七个"特少"民族语言的使用状况,把握其民族语言在现实生活中所具有的功能,探究影响其民族语言使用的原因,发现制约其民族语言的因素,从而寻找保护和传承其民族语言的对策。

In Yunnan province,Dulong,Nu,Pumi,De'ang,Achan,Jinuo and Bulang are the seven indigenous ethnic people each with a population size less than 100,000. In the process of modernization,influences from the dominant language are so enormous that languages of ethnic people wither,disintegrate,decline,or even become endangered. The purpose of this survey is: to understand,in the circumstances of both dominant and semi-dominant languages and their dialects,how the native languages of the ethic people are used,what are their functions in daily life; to explore the factors that influence their use; to identify the elements that curb their use; and to seek methods to preserve these languages alive.