关于怒族语言使用活力的考察——兼谈语言传承和保护的机制

An Investigation of the Actual Use Situation of Nu Nationality's Languages Along with a Study on Language Protection Mechanism

我国怒族主要分布在云南怒江傈僳族自治州的泸水、福贡、贡山、兰坪各县,有4个支系语言,内部差异很大,分属彝语支和景颇语支。人们使用的语言基本上都处于濒危或即将消亡的状态,其中怒苏语、柔若语和阿怒语为濒危语言,阿侬语为极度濒危语言。怒族4个支系语言的活力状况及其生存状态既有相同点,又有不同点。对怒族语言使用活力的考察,有利于构建传承和保护母语的机制。

China's Nu nationality mainly live in the Lushui,Fugong,Gongshan,and Lanping counties of the Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan.They speak four widely different tongues belonging either to the Yi or Jingpo branch.The four tongues are all endangered and dying,and among them the Along language is extremely endangered.An investigation of the actual use and the real life of the Nu languages will help to contribute to creating a mechanism for the protection of the native tongues.