直觉、艺术与审美主义——论海德格尔的“存在”与“自由”之“思”

Intuition,Art,and Aestheticism:On Heidegger's“Thinking”Between“Existence”and “Freedom”

在尼采指引下,海德格尔发现被遗忘的"存在":他要探究其本源,重新安置"此在"之"在"。不过,海德格尔的"存在"之"思",不是抽象概念式的(经验)科学体系,而是历史的、具体的与"自由"的"思想"。它反对的是理性与形而上学,同时也是对感性、直觉和自由的"思"之召唤。那么,"自由"将在"此在"之内外交织的冲突与融合中涌现,它是一种"解蔽"状态。存在是海德格尔的主题,而生存论则是其重要话语形式。海德格尔认为,此在在世的诸般行动都与生命、艺术和诗密切相关,它甚至就是生存本身。最终,海德格尔展开一种"此在"在世(生存)的审美主义。当然,所有这些都来自于现象学"直觉(观)"之馈赠(在海德格尔那里叫做"领会")。

Under the guidance of Nietzsche,Heidegger re-discovered the forgotten 'existence':he wanted to explore into its source and to re-position the'being'of'this being'.His'thinking'about'existence'is not an abstract system of science,but is historical,particular,and free thinking.He was opposed to rationality and metaphysics and called for the emotional,the intuition,and freedom.Thus,'freedom'springs up as a'de-masking'state from the external and internal conflicts and integration of'existence'.Existence is his theme,existentialism is his discourse.According to him,actions of this existence are closely related to life,arts and poetry,which can even be seen as existence itself.His thoughts are ultimately aestheticism of'this existence',which comes as a gift from the phenomenological'intuition'.