哈尼语窝尼话的差比句

The Comparisons of Inequality in Woni Dialect of Hani Language

哈尼语窝尼话差比句的语序结构为"比较主体+比较基准+比较标记+比较结果",符合Greenberg和Dryer关于使用后置词语言或OV型语言的语序共性特征。与哈尼语别的方言相比,窝尼话有自己的特点。首先是窝尼话的比较标记ta^(33)不像其他方言来源于"上面、上方"或"下面、下方"的方位词,而是来源于表"上去"的动词。其次,窝尼话同时还使用另一个比较标记mo^(33)lo^(31)…m?^(31)tshi^(55)。其三,窝尼话借用了汉语比较标记"比",但"比"还未完全替代窝尼话中固有的标记,而是与固有标记一起出现在句中,说明即便是处于濒危状态,差比句的句子结构仍有其一定的稳固性。

The word order of comparisons of inequality in Worn dialect of Hain language is 'Comparee+Standard+Mark+Parameter',which is conformed to the universals of languages with postposition or OV construction as claimed by Greenberg and Dryer.Compared with other dialects of Hani language,Woni dialect has its own features.First,mark of comparison 'ta^(33)' originates from verb with meaning 'going upward',while the marks of other dialects originate from nouns of locality.Secondly,another mark 'mo^(33) lo^(31)… m?^(31) tshi^(55)' is used interchangeablly with 'ta33'.Thirdly,Chinese Mark of Comparison 'pi' has been borrowed into Comparison structure of Woni dialect,but it just co-exists with 'ta^(33)',and has not substituted it,which indicates that even the language is in danger,the comparison structure is still stable and has not been changed.