弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫小说画面感的认知阐释

A Cognitive Analysis of the Images in Virginia Woolf’s Novels

弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说富于画面感。结合认知规律,分析文字与画面在读者头脑中的认知转化,能够探究出伍尔夫所用文字与画面感形成之间的内在联系。将《海浪》《日与夜》《幕间》《雅阁的房间》《到灯塔去》《岁月》等小说中的景物描写置于认知语境中剖析,会发现作者在文本中隐藏了指令,以指导读者脑海中画面感的形成。根据斯卡利《由书而梦》中的理论,文本中使用了"薄膜擦过""花的想象"等指令,从坚固性与细节处来帮助读者构建静态的画面;又借助"明亮光照""轻薄性""添加与移除"等指令,使读者对于动态的画面也能够有生动的感受。伍尔夫的小说写作符合人的认知规律,因而能使读者在头脑中轻易地绘制出文字所描写的画面,并赋予画面动态感,从而实现从文字到画面的转化。

Virginia Woolf’s novels are filled with images. With cognitive rules, the cognitive shift between word and image in reader’s mind is analyzed to figure out the inner connection between the words Woolf uses and the images they form. Putting the depictions of scenery in novels like The Waves, Day and Night, Between the Acts, Jacob’s Room,To the Lighthouse, The Years under the context of cognition, one can find out that the author hides instructions in the text to instruct the formation of images in reader’s mind. Based on Scarry’s theories in Dreaming by the Book, it turns out that Woolf adopts 'passing of a filmy surface', 'imagining flowers' to help the reader construct the static images with the solidity and the details;she also utilizes instructions like 'radiant ignition', 'rarity' and 'addition and subtraction' to make the reader feel the dynamic images vividly. Those techniques in Woolf’s novels accord with the cognitive rules, so that they make the reader depict in his mind both static and dynamic images described in texts easily, hence the cognitive transformation from words to images.