2017年东营市河口区居民健康素养现状调查

Survey on the current status of health literacy among residents,Hekou district,Dongying city,2017

目的为了解东营市河口区居民健康素养现状,为制定有效的改进及干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2017年11~12月对该辖区6个街道(镇)2 300名居民进行健康素养问卷调查。结果有效问卷2 276份,有效率为98.96%。男性1 008人(44.30%),女性1 268人(55.70%);年龄为15~86(45.61±16.42)岁;城镇916人(40.23%),农村1 360人(59.77%);居民总体健康素养水平16.14%,城市(22.12%)高于农村(10.83%)(P<0.01),女性(18.24%)高于男性(13.61%)(P <0.05);20~40岁组(31.20%)高于其他年龄组(P <0.01),文化程度越高健康素养越高(P <0.01)。居民基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和健康技能3个方面健康素养水平分别为16.34%、10.03%和11.24%;科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗、健康信息6类健康问题素养水平分别为24.04%、8.27%、12.43%、37.83%、14.92%和14.43%。结论东营市河口区居民总体健康素养水平高于山东省平均水平,但城乡地区、行政地域及文化程度之间差距较大,传染病和慢病防治健康素养水平低。

Objective To understand the current status of health literacy among residents in Hekou district,Dongying city,so as to provide the evidence for developing effective improvement and intervention measures. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a health literacy questionnaire survey to 2 300 residents in6 streets(towns)from November to December 2017. Results There were 2 276 valid questionnaires with valid rate of98.96%,including 1 008(44.30%)men and 1 268(55.70%)women.The age was 15-86 years old,with average age of(45.61±16.42)years old.There were 916 people(40.23%)lived in urban area and 1 360 people(59.77%)lived in rural area.The total health literacy level of residents was 16.14%,it was higher in city than rural area(P <0.01),female had higher level than male(P <0.05),and the health literacy level in the age group of 20-40(31.20%)was higher than the other(P <0.01),the higher education level,the higher health literacy(P <0.01);the health literacy rate of residents’ basic knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyles and behaviors and health skills were 16.34%,10.03% and 11.24%,respectively;the literacy rates of the six categories of health issues:scientific health concept,infectious disease prevention,chronic disease prevention,safety and first aid,basic medical care and health information were 24.04%,8.27%,12.43%,37.83%,14.92% and 14.43%,respectively. Conclusion The overall health literacy level of residents in Hekou district,Dongying city is higher than the average level of residents in Shandong province,but the gap between urban and rural areas,regions and education level is large,and the health literacy level of infectious diseases and chronic diseases is low.