2013～2017年福建省霍乱监测分析

Analysis on monitoring data of cholera,Fujian province,2013-2017

目的了解福建省霍乱流行规律和霍乱弧菌在海水产品等食品及水体的污染状况,为指导今后的霍乱防治工作提供依据。方法对2013～2017年福建省医疗机构腹泻病门诊进行腹泻病人监测,各级霍乱监测点4～11月同时开展海水产品等食品及水体监测。结果 2013～2017年福建省各级霍乱监测点登记腹泻病人185 719人次,检测腹泻病人粪便标本89 648份,总检索率为48.27%,共发现6例霍乱病人和5例带菌者。2013～2017年福建省各级霍乱监测点共检测海水产品等食品及水体标本112 780份,检出176株O1群和O139群霍乱弧菌,总阳性率为0.16%,其中O1群稻叶型143株,O1群小川型27株,O139群霍乱弧菌6株,检出4株ctxAB基因阳性菌株。结论霍乱监测是霍乱疫情预警预测的基础,健全的监测体系是霍乱防控的重要手段。

Objective To understand the epidemic regularity and contamination of Vibrio Cholerae in seawater aquatic products and water bodies,so as to provide the basis for preventing and controlling cholera in Fujian.Methods Surveillance of diarrhea patients were carried out in diarrhea outpatient clinics of the medical institutions in Fujian province during 2013-2017.Surveillance of seawater aquatic products and water bodies in all levels of monitoring sites were carried out from April to November in the meanwhile.Results A total of 185 719 diarrhea patients were recorded in all levels of monitoring sites in Fujian during 2013-2017.There were 89 648 stool specimens of diarrhea patients were detected,with total retrieval rate of 48.27%.A total of 6 cholera patients and 5 carriers were found.There were 176 strains of O1 and O139 V.cholerae were detected from 112 780 specimens of seawater aquatic products and water bodies in all levels of monitoring sites for cholera,the total positive rate was 0.16%.In which 143 strains were of O1 Inaba,27 strains were of O1 Ogawa,6 strains were of O139 V.cholerae,4 positive strains of ctxAB gene were detected.Conclusion Cholera surveillance is the basis of early warning and prediction of cholera epidemic,and the sound surveillance system is an important tool to prevent and control cholera.