2017年龙口市中小学生健康素养现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on health literacy status and influencing factors among primary and secondary school students,Longkou city,2017

目的了解龙口市中小学生健康素养状况及影响因素,为开展健康教育干预提供科学依据。方法运用分层整群抽样的方法抽取龙口市19所中小学的4 070名学生进行问卷调查。结果龙口市中小学生男生1 817人(占46.01%),女生2 132人(占53.99%),男∶女=0.85∶1。健康素养总体水平为79.39%;3个维度水平分别为健康知识与理念68.30%、健康行为91.77%、健康技能75.99%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);3个领域健康素养具备率分别为疾病防治87.36%、安全应急86.76%、卫生保健61.81%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示性别(OR=1.21、95%CI=1.04～1.42)、自评学习成绩(OR=0.74、95%CI=0.69～0.80)、年级(OR=1.17、95%CI=1.05～1.29)、居住地(OR=1.21、95%CI=1.02～1.43)是学生健康素养的影响因素。结论龙口市中小学生具有一定的健康素养,但健康知识与理念和卫生保健水平相对较低。

Objective To understand the health literacy status and associated factors among primary and secondary school students in Longkou city,so as to provide scientific evidence for developing health education and intervention.Methods A stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted among 4 070 students from 19 primary and secondary schools in Longkou city.Results There were 1 817 boys and 2 132 girls in the survey,the ratio of male to female was 0.85:1.The total health literacy level was 79.4%;the proportion of having basic health concept and knowledge,health behaviors,and health skills was 68.30%,91.77%,and 75.99%respectively.There were significant differences in the proportions among the 3 dimensions(P<0.01).In the 3 fields of safety emergency literacy,health care literacy and disease prevention litera-cy,the rate was 86.76%,61.81%and 87.36%respectively,with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=1.21,95%CI=1.04-1.42),self-assessment of academic performance(OR=0.74,95%CI=0.69-0.80),grade(OR=1.17,95%CI=1.05-1.29)and place of residence(OR=1.21,95%CI=1.02-1.43)were influence factors of health literacy.Conclusion The primary and middle school students have certain health literacy in Longkou city.However,the health knowledge and concept and health care level are relatively low.