2013～2017年福建省狂犬病监测分析

Analysis on surveillance of human rabies,Fujian province,2013-2017

目的了解福建省狂犬病暴露后预防处置现状,评价预防处置效果,为福建省狂犬病防控提供科学依据。方法利用描述性流行病学方法对福建省9个狂犬病暴露预防处置门诊监测点从2013～2017年的监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2013～2017年,福建省9个暴露处置门诊监测点共监测狂犬病暴露者80 894人,男性42 994例(占53.15%),女性37 900例(占46.85%)。咬伤动物以犬为主,其次为猫,二者合计占85.78%。Ⅲ级暴露人群最多,为43 998例(占54.39%),暴露者的门诊伤口处理率为71.33%。暴露后全程规范完成疫苗接种率达到97.07%。但Ⅲ级暴露者的被动免疫制剂注射率仅为35.88%。结论 2013～2017年福建省的狂犬病发病率保持在较低水平。

Objective To understand the status of rabies post-exposure treatment in Fujian province,and evaluate the effect of post-exposure prophylaxis,so as to provide scientific evidences for prevention and control of human rabies in Fujian province.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was utilized to analyze the clinics surveillance data from 9 rabies exposure treatment and surveillance spots in Fujian province during 2013-2017.Results A total of 80 894 rabies exposed persons were monitored in 9 rabies exposure treatment and surveillance spots in Fujian province during 2013-2017 including 42 994 males(53.15%)and 37 900 females(46.85%).Most persons were exposed to dogs,followed by cats,totally accounting for 85.78%.Most of the exposure was gradeⅢexposure(43 998 cases,54.39%).The wound care rate in clinics was 71.33%,and the complete vaccination rate after exposure reached up to 97.07%;however,the injection rate of passive immune agents for gradeⅢexposure was only 35.88%.Conclusion The incidence of human rabies still keeps at a low level in Fujian during 2013-2017.