2017年大连市手足口病流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease,Dalian city,2017

目的了解2017年大连市手足口病流行病学特征,探讨手足口病的动态流行特征,为控制手足口病提供有效的科学依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法分析大连市2017年全市各级各类医疗机构报告的手足口病报告卡信息,采用RT-PCR进行病毒核酸检测。结果大连市2017年手足口病报告发病率为98.74/10万,无死亡病例,其中男性4 077例,女性2 822例,男女之比为144∶1。全市12个县区均有手足口病病例报告。县区之间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。6～9月为发病高峰。病例年龄以5岁以下儿童发病5 879例为主,占总病例数的85.22%。检测844份样本,阳性率为79.86%,其中EV71阳性率为44.07%,CoxA6阳性率为31.31%,CoxA16阳性率为1.93%,其他肠道病毒阳性率为22.07%。结论 2017年大连市手足口病的发生有明显的年龄、性别、季节和地区差异。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Dalian city in 2017,and explore the dynamic trends,so as to provide scientific basis for the effective control of HFMD.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of HFMD reported by medical institutions of all levels and types in Dalian city in 2017.The viral nucleic acid was detected by RT-PCR.Results The incidence of HFMD was 98.74/10~5 in Dalian in 2017,with no death reported.There were 4 077 male and 2 822 female cases,and the ratio of male to female was 1.44:1.HFMD cases were reported in all 12 counties and districts of the city.There were significant differences in incidences among counties and districts(P<0.01).The peak incidence was reported in June-September.The cases concentrated in the age group of under 5 years old(5 879 cases,85.22%).There were 844 samples were detected,with the positive rate of 79.86%.The positive rate of EV71,CoxA6,CoxA16 and other enteroviruses was 44.07%,31.31%,1.93%and 22.07%,respectively.Conclusion The occurrence of HFMD varies in age,sex,season and region.