2015～2017年龙口市手足口病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease,Longkou city,2015-2017

目的了解手足口病流行特征,为手足口病防控工作提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对中国疾病预防控制系统报告的龙口市2015～2017年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2015～2017年龙口市共报告手足口病355例,平均发病率为24.19/10万。手足口病发病以<6岁年龄组为主,占总报告病例数的93.52%;1～3岁儿童(228例、505.44/10万)多于4～6岁儿童(88例、189.92/10万)和1岁以下儿童(16例、115.42/10万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性(222例、20.78/10万)多于女性(133例、12.94/10万)(P<0.01);病例集中在6～8月,疫情分布广泛,全市13个镇区街均有病例报告,相对集中于人群聚集的乡镇。2015～2017年3种手足口病毒阳性构成不同(P<0.01)。结论龙口市手足口病病原为多型别共存,每年的优势病毒株均发生变化,6岁以下儿童手足口病的流行特征具有明显的人群、地区、季节性。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD),so as to provide the basis for the prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the HFMD data of Longkou city during 2015-2017 reported in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.Results During 2015-2017,a total of 355 HFMD cases were reported,the average incidence was 24.19/10~5.The cases concentrated in children aged<6 years old,accounting for 93.52%of the total cases;the number of case in 1-3 years old children(228 cases,505.44/10~5)was higher than it in 4-6 years old children(88 cases,189.92/10~5)and children under 1 year of age(16 cases,115.42/10~5),with statistically significant difference(P<0.01);the male cases(222 cases,20.78/10~5)were more than the female cases(133 cases,12.94/10~5)(P<0.01),the reported cases peaked in June-August,and widespread distributed,all 13 towns/streets had cases reported,and the cases were relatively concentrated in crowded streets.The positive proportion of the 3 types of virus were different during 2015-2017(P<0.01).Conclusion Multiple types of HFMD pathogen exist in Longkou city,and the dominant strains change annually.There are obvious population,regional and seasonal characteristics among the children with HFMD under 6 years old.