2015～2017年荆州市无细胞百白破疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应分析

Analysis on the adverse events following immunization with DPT vaccine,Jingzhou city,2015-2017

目的分析荆州市报告无细胞百白破联合疫苗(Diphtheria tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine,DTaP)预防接种异常反应的发生特征和监测质量。方法通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理模块收集2015～2017年荆州市疑似预防接种异常反应个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析,用SPSS 20.0进行计算,运用集中度公式展示疾病发病的季节性。结果 2015～2017年荆州市共接种DTaP 255 951剂次,报告DTaP预防接种异常反应513例,年均报告发生率为200.43/10万剂;春夏季发生率(258.08/10万)高于秋冬季(126.11/10万)(P<0.01);各地区报告发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。报告男性315例、女性198例,男∶女=1.59∶1;异常反应发生主要在0～2岁组(共484例、占83.43%),这与百白破疫苗接种程序有关,不同年龄报告发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。异常反应以一般反应为主(503例,占98.05%);症状分布以局部红肿(344例)、局部硬结(200例)、发热(183例)为主;接种至反应发生的时间间隔平均为0.75 d,反应发生至就诊的时间间隔平均为0.69 d,就诊至报告的时间间隔为0.55 d。结论荆州市DTaP预防接种异常反应监测系统运转良好。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and monitoring quality of diphtheria tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(DTaP)adverse reactions reported by Jingzhou city.Methods The case data of suspected vaccination abnormal response(AEFI)in Jingzhou city during 2015-2017 was collected from the Suspected Vaccination Abnormal Response Information Management ModuleofChina Immunization Program Information Management System,descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyzethe data by using SPSS 20.0.The concentration formula was used to show the seasonality.Results A total of 255 951 doses DTaP were vaccinated,and 513 abnormal reactions were reported in Jingzhou city during 2015-2017,the average annual incidence was 200.43/10~5 doses.The incidence in spring and summer(258.08/10~5)was higher than that in autumnand winter(126.11/10~5)(P<0.01).The difference in reported incidence among different regions was statistically significant(P<0.01).The cases including 315 males and 198 females,the sex ratio of male to female was 1.59:1.The incidence of abnormal reactions was mainly in 0-2 years old(484 cases,83.43%),and it was related to the procedure of DTaP vaccination.The difference in reported incidence among different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.01).It was reported that the abnormal reaction of DTaP vaccination was mainly general reaction(503 cases,98.05%).The main symptoms were local induration(344 cases),local swelling(200 cases)and fever(183 cases).The average time interval between inoculation and reaction was 0.75 d,the average time between the occurrence of the reaction and seeing a doctor was 0.69 d,and the time between seeing a doctor and reporting was 0.55 d.Conclusion The monitoring system of DTaP vaccination abnormal reaction in Jingzhou city works well.