2017年淄博市某辖区中小学校环境卫生学评价

Evaluation on environmental health of primary and secondary schools in a district,Zibo city,2017

目的了解淄博市某辖区中小学环境卫生现状,为促进学生身心健康提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法于2017年9～10月在淄博市某辖区抽取27所中小学校,对教室环境卫生和学生健康档案进行监测评价。结果 27所学校教室环境卫生监测中,教室人均面积符合率、前排课桌前缘距前方黑板水平距离合格率、后墙壁反射系数、课桌与身高符合率、课椅与身高符合率、课桌椅型号匹配程度合格率分别为53.94%、42.42%、22.42%、23.64%、20.00%、23.03%。新学校教室人均面积合格率(96.61%)、前排课桌前沿与前方黑板水平距离合格率(72.88%)、后墙壁反射系数(59.32%)、课桌与身高符合率(61.02%)、课椅与身高符合率(52.54%)、课桌椅型号匹配程度合格率(57.63%),明显优于旧学校的30.19%、25.47%、1.89%、2.83%、1.89%和3.77%(P<0.01);新学校学生近视率和脊柱侧弯率分别为33.71%、0.09%,低于旧学校(50.93%、0.39%)(P<0.01)。中学学生近视率(63.68%)高于小学(29.96%)(P<0.01)。结论淄博市某辖区中小学校的教学环境卫生现状总体一般。

Objective To understand the environmental health status of primary and secondary schools in a district in Zibo city,so as to provide the evidence for improving the physical and mental health of students.Methods A total of 27 primary and middle schools were randomly selected from a district in Zibo city during September-October in 2017 by stratified cluster sampling methods.Monitoring and evaluation of environmental hygiene and student health records were conducted.Results Among the environmental health indexes of 27 schools,the qualified rate of per capita area,the distance between the front of the front desk and the horizontal distance of the blackboard,rear wall reflection coefficient,desk setting,chair setting,and matching degree of desk and chair model were 53.94%,42.42%,22.42%,23.64%,20.00%and 23.03%,respectively.The environmental hygiene indicators such as per capita area(96.61%),the distance between the front of the front desk and the horizontal distance of the blackboard(72.88%),rear wall reflection coefficient(59.32%),desk setting(61.02%),chair setting(52.54%),and matching degree of desk and chair model(57.63%)on the new school classrooms were significantly better than those of the old schools(30.19%,25.47%,1.89%,2.83%,1.89%and 3.77%)(P<0.01).The myopia rate and scoliosis rate of new school students were 33.71%and 0.09%respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the old school students(50.93%,0.39%)(P<0.01).It was significant higher in the myopia rate of middle school students(63.68%)than that of primary school students(29.96%)(P<0.01).Conclusion The overall situation of environmental health of primary and secondary schools is at a medium level.