福建省40岁以上居民肺功能检查抽样调查

Sampling survey on spirometry examination among residents aged ≥40 years,Fujian province

目的了解福建省≥40岁居民肺功能检查现状及分布特征,为防控慢阻肺提供科学依据。方法 2015年采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取福建省≥40岁常住居民进行面对面问卷调查,内容包括人口学资料、既往肺功能检查、呼吸系统疾病史、高危因素接触史等问题,对调查结果进行描述性统计分析。结果共调查2 407人,男性1 267人(占52.64%),女性1 140人(占47.36%);农村1 400人(占58.16%),城市1 007人(占41.84%);平均年龄为(57.68±10.51)岁,50～岁最多(783人、占32.53%),其次为40～岁(662人、占27.50%)。福建省≥40岁居民肺功能检查率仅为5.40%(130人),城市检查率7.65%(77人)高于农村3.79%(53人)(P<0.01);≥70岁检查率最高(8.55%)(P<0.05);初中及以上文化程度检查率(8.53%)高于小学及以下文化程度(3.75%)(P<0.01);离退休人员检查率最高(12.98%),农林牧渔从业者的检查率最低(2.47%)(P<0.01)。知晓呼吸疾病名称、有呼吸道症状、有慢性呼吸系统疾病史的检查率均更高,分别为8.30%、10.13%、20.44%(P<0.01)。曾经吸烟者的检查率(9.20%)高于现在吸烟者(4.82%)和从不吸烟者(5.40%)(P<0.05)。结论福建省≥40岁居民肺功能检查率极低。

Objective To understand the status and distribution of spirometry examination among residents aged≥40 years in Fujian province,so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods In 2015,multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged≥40 yearsin Fujian province to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey,the content including demographic data,previous spirometry examination,history of respiratory disease,exposure history of high risk factors.The results were descriptive analyzed.Results A total of 2 407 adults were surveyed,including 1 267 males(52.64%)and 1 140 females(47.36%);there were 1 400 residents(58.16%)lived in the rural area and 1007 residents(41.84%)in the urban area.The average age was(57.68±10.51)years old,the age group of 50-59 years old had the highest number of respondents(783 people,32.53%),followed by it of 40-49 years old(662 people,27.50%).The spirometry examination was only 5.40%(130 adults)among residents aged≥40 years in Fujian province,it was significant higher in urban residents(7.65%,77 adults)than that of rural residents(3.79%,53 adults)(P<0.01).The rate was the highest among those aged≥70 years(8.55%)(P<0.05).It was significant higher among whose education level was junior school or above(8.53%)than those with primary school or below education level(3.75%)(P<0.01).The rate in retirees was the highest(12.98%)while in those went into agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,fishery was the lowest(2.47%)(P<0.01).And it was also higher in the population with knowledge of disease’s name(8.30%),with respiratory symptoms(10.13%)and with previous chronic respiratory diseases(20.44%).It was significant higher in the previous smokers(9.20%)than that in current smokers(4.82%)and non-smokers(5.40%)(P<0.05).Conclusion The rate of spirometry examination is extremely low among the residents aged≥40 years in Fujian province.