2014～2017年滨州市流感暴发疫情流行病学分析

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza outbreaks,Binzhou city,2014-2017

目的了解滨州市流感暴发疫情的流行病学和病原学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统和突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统收集2014～2017年滨州市报告的暴发疫情信息资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2014～2017年滨州市共报告42起流感暴发疫情,累计报告病例3 857例,罹患率为4.59%,疫情报告时间为11月至次年4月,主要集中在12月份,占73.81%(31/42);疫情报告年份主要集中在2017年,占73.81%(31/42),疫情全部发生在托幼机构和中小学校;导致流感样病例暴发疫情的病毒主要为季节性H3N2型(14.29%)和BY型(BYamagata,BY)(73.81%),各年度优势病毒亚型均不同。暴发疫情首例病例发病至疾病预防控制机构接到报告时间与疫情持续时间呈正相关(r=0.606,P<0.05)。结论滨州市流感暴发疫情主要发生在冬春季节,中小学校是流感暴发疫情的高发场所。

Objective To understand the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of influenza outbreaks in Binzhou city during 2014-2017,so as to provide the evidence for the formulation of prevention and control strategies.Methods Information of influenza-like outbreaks and public health emergencies was collected from China Influenza Surveillance Information System and the Public Health Emergency Management Information System in Binzhou city during 2014-2017,and the descriptive epidemiological methods was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 42 influenza outbreaks were reported in Binzhou city from 2014 to 2017,including 3 857 cases,with the attack rate of 4.59%.The occurrence time of the epidemic was from November to April of the following year,mainly in December,accounting for 73.81%(31/42);the number of the epidemics peaked in 2017,accounting for 73.81%(31/42).All outbreaks occurred in child care institutions and primary and secondary schools.The outbreaks mainly caused by seasonal H3N2(14.29%)and BY(BYamagata,BY)(73.81%),the dominant virus subtypes were different in each year.The time from the onset of the first case of the outbreak to the outbreak received by disease prevention and control agency was positively correlated with the duration of the epidemic(r=0.606,P<0.05).Conclusion The influenza outbreaks mainly occurs in winter and spring in Binzhou city.Primary and secondary schools are high-risk places of influenza outbreaks.