基于微流控芯片的体外血脑屏障模型构建与应用研究进展

Research advancement in the construction and applications of microfluidic devices for in vitro blood-brain barrier research

血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier, BBB)能控制血脑两侧的物质转运,保证中枢神经组织内环境的稳定,对神经系统疾病药物的研发有着重要的影响。建立体外高保真BBB模型对BBB功能进行研究,对药物、毒素等的屏障渗透性的评估等具有重要意义。然而, BBB结构的复杂性导致其难以在体外较好的复制, BBB芯片可以使系统微型化、减少细胞和培养基用量,同时可以诱导剪切力产生,与传统体外BBB模型相比具有一定优势。本文对BBB芯片模型的建立,模型的表征方法及其在神经炎症、脑肿瘤研究和药物评价方面的应用进行综述,为建立更可靠的体外BBB模型提供参考。

The blood-brain barrier(BBB) not only maintains the stability of the environment within the central nervous system by controlling the transport of substances on both sides of the blood and brain, but also plays an important role in the R&D of new drugs for neurological disorders. The establishment of an in vitro high-fidelity model to study BBB function is imperative for assessing barrier permeability of drugs and xenobiotics. However,the complexity of the BBB structure makes it difficult to replicate with an in vitro model. Compared to the tradi‐tional in vitro BBB model, the BBB-on-chip provides certain advantages in miniaturizing the system, reducing the amount of cells and medium required, and allowing simultaneously induction of shear stress. We review here the BBB-on-chip models from their establishment and characterization to applications in research of neuroinflamma‐tion, brain tumor and drug evaluation.