肠道益生菌A.muciniphila抗代谢性疾病的治疗学展望

Therapeutic perspectives of intestinal probiotics A. muciniphila in metabolic disorders

Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila)是2004年从人类粪便样品中分离得到的一种肠道细菌,其降解黏蛋白的特性使其成为维持肠道黏膜屏障的关键微生物。A. muciniphila作为疣微菌门唯一能被培养的肠道菌代表,在宏基因组分析中相对容易被检测到。尽管它被鉴定出来的时间不久,但近年来由于其肠道定殖与多种代谢性疾病的发生发展密切相关,迅速引起了研究者们的关注,并成为目前国内外的研究热点。大量证据表明其在肠道中的定殖与宿主的健康息息相关,本文介绍了A. muciniphila的生物学特性及其定殖环境,并对A. muciniphila与宿主健康和疾病的关系进行综述,尤其着重于该菌与宿主代谢性疾病的关系以及其作用机制,同时本文总结了影响该菌在宿主内定殖的因素,以期为以A. muciniphila为靶点的药物研发提供依据和线索。

Akkermansia muciniphila(A.muciniphila)is an intestinal bacterium that was isolated from human feces in 2004.Its specialization in mucin degradation makes it a key organism that maintains the intestinal mucosal barrier function.A.muciniphila,which is the only representative of the Verrucomicrobia that can be cultured,is relatively easy to be detected in metagenomic analysis.For the past few years,A.muciniphila has quickly attracted the attention of researchers and become a medical and biological hotspot due to the close correlation between its intestinal colonization and the development and progression of various metabolic diseases.This review introduces the biological characteristics and colonization environment of A.muciniphila,and reviews its relationship with host health and disease,especially focusing on the metabolic disease and related mechanism,as well as the factors affecting its colonization in the host,expecting to provide evidence and clues for drug development targeting A.muciniphila.