湿化高流量鼻导管通气在早产儿呼吸系统疾病临床应用研究进展

Advances in Clinical Application of Humidified High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Respiratory Diseases of Premature Infants

湿化高流量鼻导管通气(HHFNC)能改善呼吸做功,产生呼吸末正压效应,具有操作简单、患者易耐受、安全性高等特点。HHFNC输出的氧流速超过患儿在吸气相产生的流速,因此既可以提供氧气,又可以产生呼吸支持,目前已广泛用于新生儿相关的肺部疾病的呼吸支持治疗。HHFNC适合用于早产儿呼吸暂停、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征以及拔管后呼吸支持等的治疗,但其也存在不良反应,如气道压力不稳定、感染等。此外,也需要建立HHFNC的使用指南,以规范在临床的应用。

Humidified high flow nasal cannula( HHFNC) can improve the work of breathing and produce positive endof-breath pressure effect. HHFNC has the characteristics of simple operation,easy tolerance and high safety. The oxygen flow rate of HHFNC is faster than that of children in inspiratory phase,so it can provide both oxygen and respiratory support.HHFNC has been widely used in neonatal respiratory support therapy. It is suitable for the treatment of apnea of premature infants,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory support after extubation,but it also has adverse reactions,such as airway pressure instability,infection and so on. In addition,guidelines for using of HHFNC should be established to standardize its clinical application.