中医隐性知识的特征及其形成缘由研究

Study on the Characteristics and Formation Reasons of Tacit Knowledge in Traditional Chinese Medicine

中医知识是一种具有突出"隐性知识"特性的知识体系,它有着与其他隐性知识不同的特征:个体内在性、不可充分表达性、文化依附性、情境依赖性。就形而上而言,中医学是以中国传统哲学中自发的辨证论思维和古代朴素的唯物论来构建其基本理论体系,是中国传统哲学的投影;就形而下而言,中医学依托于自身的"内证实验"及临床实践经验、临床感悟和直觉。所以说,无论其理论来源及理论基础,还是临床知识体系的构建,中医学以隐性知识的形式存在为主。

Knowledge of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a knowledge system with prominent characteristics of 'tacit knowledge'.It has different characteristics from other tacit knowledge,such as individual internality,insufficiency of expression,cultural dependence and context dependence.In terms of metaphysics,TCM constructs its basic theoretical system with the spontaneous dialectical thinking in traditional Chinese philosophy and the simple materialism in ancient times,which is the projection of traditional Chinese philosophy.Practically speaking,TCM relies on its own 'internal verification experience' and clinical practice experience,clinical perception and intuition.Therefore,no matter its theoretical source and theoretical basis,or the construction of clinical knowledge system,TCM mainly exists in the form of tacit knowledge.