实验动物安乐死的科学应用与伦理思考

The Scientific Applications and Ethical Considerations of the Laboratory Animals Euthanasia

着重介绍了实验动物安乐死的内涵及伦理学意义、仁慈终点的选择、安乐死方法的道德评价和原则要求。并从认知和意识、制度和监管、技术和成本等方面分析了影响实验动物安乐死实施的因素,就科学应用实验动物安乐死提出了措施建议。在道德和伦理的约束下,科学合理地对实验动物实施安乐死,需要完善和落实相关法规、标准,科学管理,有效监督。更要加强宣传教育,增强实验者动物福利伦理的意识以及改善硬件条件、规范操作、提高技术水平,最大限度地减少动物所承受的痛苦和伤害。

The concept and significance of the euthanasia,the choice of the humane endpoint,the moral evaluation and principle requirements of euthanasia methods were introduced in this paper.The influencing factors of the euthanasia of laboratory animals,such as cognition and consciousness,system and supervision,technology and cost,and the measures and suggestions were analyzed.And the authors put forward some suggestions on the popularization and application of euthanasia in laboratory animals.Therefore,the application of euthanasia for laboratory animals under the restraint of ethics and morality requires further improvement and adherence to relevant laws and standards,implementation of scientific management and effective supervision.We should also intensify publicity and education,enhance the researchers’ awareness of animal welfare,improve hardware conditions,standardize operation,and develop technology to minimize pain and injury to laboratory animals.