焦点(强调成分)的调查研究框架

A Framework for Investigation of Focus(Constituent Emphasis)

本文节选自刘丹青正在编著的《语法调查研究手册》。全书以Comrie&Smith(1977)的《语言描写问卷》(Lingua Descriptive Studies:Questionnaire)(吴可颖初译、刘丹青重译)的内容为纲目,结合众多语言方言的语例和国内外新的研究成果对此详加说明,汇而成书,将由上海教育出版社出版。Comrie等的问卷在总结以往广泛的语言调查研究经验的基础上,提供一份调查描写各种语言方言都能用的语法项目汇总。手册通过说明举例来引介此问卷的语法描写框架,以期将国内的古今汉语及民族语言的语法描写研究与国际上的语法描写进一步沟通。本节选所关注的'焦点'(问卷中当时还叫'强调')是近一二十年兴起的重要研究领域,与形态、句法、语义、语用、韵律等都有关系,在国内传统的语言方言调查框架中通常无涉,所以本文参考既有成果试提供一份较详尽的解说。

This paper is a section of A Handbook for Grammatical Investigation and Research,which is a book in work for Chinese readers.The book aims to bridge the gap between domestic terminology and framework for the study of Chinese and other languages spoken in China on one hand,and international terminology of contemporary linguistics on the other hand.It does so by interpreting and exemplifying Comrie and Smith’s(1977)questionnaire for linguistic description.In introducing some recent developments of focus studies,the section offers a detailed,up-to-date explanation of the parts of the questionnaire concerning various kinds of foci(referred to as’emphasis’in the original questionnaire).