廿八都方言研究

Study on Nianbadu Dialect

廿八都方言历来被认为是驻军形成的'官话方言岛',本文通过分析当地的地理环境、人口构成和文献对于驻军情况的记载,认为这个结论并不十分准确。在语言特征上它既有官话的成分,也有当地吴语的特点,甚至有其他的来源,但总的来说,它是一种只有文读层的吴语。造成这一结果的原因是说吴语的人在学习官话过程中母语产生的干扰,这一点在词汇语音层次上表现得最为明显。文章同时讨论了一些带有普遍性的问题:在方言接触(语言接触)的过程中,哪些成分是容易借用的,哪些是不容易借用的,母语干扰中哪些因素干扰较大,哪些因素容易被替换。这一点对于汉语南方方言形成的过程有很重要的意义。

This paper is a study on the nature of the Nianbadu dialect in Southern Zhejiang through the analysis of linguistic evidence,geographic situation,and the historical document of the administration.Based on my study I point out that this dialect is not a Mandarin island surrounded by Wu dialects,a popular view in the field,but is one kind of Wu dialects with only literary reading in pronunciation.In addition this dialect also mixed some components from Mandarin and some other dialects.It is my view point that this phenomenon is a result of the language interfere in which the Wu people imperfectly learning Mandarin,the evidence can seen in the sound layer of the dialect.In this paper,I also deal with some general issues related to language contact,such as which elements can easily borrowed,which elements can’t,and the borrowing scale during language interfere,which are important for us to know the whole picture of the history of Southern Chinese.