三维光学扫描技术逆向工程应用研究

Reverse engineering application of 3D optical scanning technology

针对三维扫描测量数据因为原始点云在获取时受环境等客观条件限制,存在不可避免的噪声点、飞点、重叠点云等现象,以致存在点云密度大、运算复杂、计算周期长等问题,本文以在逆向工程中具有将三维物体几何信息转换为计算机能直接处理的二维数字信号的功能的三维光学扫描技术为基础,研究了三维扫描技术应用的主要设备、常用软件、使用方法和实体建模商用软件,研究了其原理及数学模型;结合XJTUOM,制定了扫描策略,以某型号汽车皮带轮和减震器托盘为例进行了实践操作,结果表明:该设备能够满足在逆向工程的应用,其扫描精度接近原始数模的相似度为98%。

The 3Dscanning measurement data have the problems including bigger density of the point clouds,much complicated operation and longer calculation period caused by inevitable noise points,flying spots,overlapping point clouds restricted by environment and other objective conditions,when the original point clouds are obtained.The 3Doptical scanning technology in reverse engineering has the function for changing 3Dsolid information into digital signal that a computer can be directly handled,providing convenient and fast means of real digital model.Based on this,that main equipment,the commonly-used software,using method and solid modeling software related to 3Dscanning technology were studied,as well as the basic theory and math model of 3Doptical scanning technology.Scanning strategy was formulated combined with XJTUOM.Moreover,a certain type of belt wheel and shock absorber tray were taken as examples to prove the applicability of 3Dscanning technology in reverse engineering practice.Results show that the scanning similarity accuracy is 98% close to original model.