牛奶饮用频率与儿童肥胖及代谢异常的关系

The Association of Milk Consumption with the Prevalence of Obesity and Metabolic Abnormalities among Children

目的分析牛奶饮用频率与儿童肥胖及代谢指标异常率的关系,为制定相应疾病的干预措施提供基础数据。方法采用随机整群抽样从哈尔滨等6个大城市抽取6-13岁小学生7082名,使用问卷调查收集他们的年龄、性别及家庭经济情况、牛奶饮用频率等信息。按照标准程序测量身高、体重、腰围、血压,采集晨起空腹血测定血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯等指标。结果饮用牛奶频率为每周7次以上、7次、1-6次和基本不喝奶的4组儿童中,肥胖率[比值比(OR),95%可信区间(CI)]依次为8.6%(参照组)、10.1%(1.19,0.91-1.56)、11.0%(1.31,1.01-1.70)、12.1%(1.45,1.01-2.10)腹型肥胖率(OR,95%CI)在4组中依次为:12.9%(参照组)、13.7%(1.07,0.85-1.34)、15.7%(1.25,1.00-1.55)、15.6%(1.25,0.91-1.72)高甘油三酯血症率(OR,95%CI)在各组中依次为:2.6%(参照组)、4.0%(1.58,1.00-2.50)、4.2%(1.67,1.07-2.61)、4.6%(1.83,1.00-3.34)调整了混杂因素后,各组间肥胖、腹型肥胖、高甘油三酯血症率仍有显著差并.其他肥胖相关代谢异常率无显著差异结论适量喝牛奶与大城市儿童较低的肥胖率、腹型肥胖率、高甘油三酯血症率有关,应大力提倡儿童饮用牛奶以利于他们的健康成长。

Objective To investigate the association between the frequency of milk intake and obesity and related chronic diseases among children in China.Methods Total 7082 children in Grade 2^(nd)to 5^(th),aged 6-13 years were enrolled to complete the questionnaires from six developed cities such as Haerbin and so on,by multistage randomized sampling in 2009.They were tested for anthropometry development and blood biochemistry according to the same standards,including height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure,glucose level,total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol,triglycerides(TG).Results The prevalence [odds ratio(OR),95%confidence interval(CI)]of obesity among children consuming milk more than 7 times/week, 7 times/week,1-6 times/week,and seldom,was 8.6% [reference group,(ref)],10.1%(1.19,0.91-1.56), 11.0%(1.31,1.01-1.70),and 12.1%(1.45,1.012.10),respectively;while the prevalence(OR,95%CI)of abdominal obesity in different groups was 12.9%(ref), 13.7%(1.07,0.85-1.34),15.7%(1.25,1.00-1.55), and 15.6%(1.25,0.91-1.72);moreover,the prevalence(OR,95%CI)of hypertriglyceridemia in different groups was as follows=2.6%(ref),4.0%(1.58,1.00-2.50),4.2%(1.67,1.07-2.61),4.6%(1.83,1.00-3.34).These differences in the prevalence of obesity,abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia among different groups were still significant after adjustment of confounding factors,but not for other metabolic abnormalities indices.Conclusions Milk consumption frequently may associated with lower risk of obesity and related chronic diseases for children in Chinese developed cities.Promoting milk consumption in children would benefit their healthy growing.