以英国FSA营养素度量体系为基础的个体膳食指数在法国的开发和验证

Development and Validation of an Individual Dietary Index Based on the British Food Standard Agency Nutrient Profiling System in a French Context

背景:以食品正面包装的营养标签、广告规范或粮食税为基础的营养素度量体系对于公共健康是一个很有用的工具。然而,它的能耐远超于对产品描述并能够充分地塑造个体膳食有必要更进一步的调查目的:本研究旨在(1)计算个体层面的分值基于英国FSA食物级别的每个食物消耗的营养素度量体系,(2)依据食物组消耗量、营养摄入量以及社会人口和生活方式的改变评估膳食状况评分的正确性。方法:从Nu1riNet-Sante研究(n=4225)中选定法国人群作为代表性样本。采用24小时膳食回顾记录收集膳食数据。社会人口和生活方式的数据采用自我报告形式记录。所有食物消耗量采用FSA营养素度量法描述,并且来自于每个食物消耗的能量摄入量用于计算个体层面的FSA导出的累积分值。遵循法国营养素推荐规范(PNNS-GS)的分数以膳食质量评分作为比较而计算。在食物消耗、营养指标、生活方式和社会人口的变化与累积分的四分位之间的关联性通过ANOVAs和线性回归模型调查。结果:得到有利分值的受试者消耗大量的水果(差异△=156g/d,P<0.001),蔬菜(△=85g/d,P<0.001),以及鱼和少量的零食(△=-72g/d,P<0.001);同时他们也有大量维生素和矿物质的摄入以及少量的饱和脂肪酸的摄入。得到有利分值的受试者很好的遵循了依据PNNS-GS衡量的营养素推荐标准(△=2.13 points,P<0.001)。女性年长的受试者以及高收入的群体更可能得到较高的分值。结论:研究结果表明FSA营养素度量体系对法国人群中个体膳食的概述更加全面可行。NutriNet-Sante研究已被登录于2013-000929-31欧洲临床试验数据库(EudraCT)。

Background:Nutrient profiling systems could be useful public health tools as a basis for front-of-package nutrition labeling,advertising regulations,or food taxes.However,their ability beyond characterization of foods to adequately characterize individual diets necessitates further investigation.Objectives:The objectives of this study were 1) to calculate a score at the individual level based on the British Food Standard Agency(FSA) food-level nutrient profiling system of each food consumed,and 2) to evaluate the validity of the resulting diet-quality score against food group consumption,nutrient intake,and sociodemographic and lifestyle variables.Methods:A representative sample of the French population was selected from the NutriNet-Sante Study(n = 4225).Dietary data were collected through repeated 24-h dietary records.Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were self-reported.All foods consumed were characterized by their FSA nutrient profile,and the energy intake from each food consumed was used to compute FSA-derived aggregated scores at the individual level.A score of adherence to French nutritional recommendations[Programme National Nutrition Sante guideline score(PNNS-GS)]was computed as a comparison diet-quality score.Associations between food consumption,nutritional indicators,lifestyle and sociodemographic variables,and quartiles of aggregated scores were investigated using ANOVAs and linear regression models.Results:Participants with more favorable scores consumed higher amounts of fruits[difference △ = 156g/d between quartile 1(less favorable) and quartile 4(most favorable),P<0.001],vegetables(△= 85 g/d,P<0.001),and fish,and lower amounts of snack foods(△ =-72g/d,P<0.001 for sugary snacks);they also had higher vitamin and mineral intakes and lower intakes of saturated fat.Participants with more favorable scores also had a higher adherence to nutritional recommendations measured with the PNNS-GS(△ = 2.13 points,P<0.001).Women,older subjects,and higher-income subjects were more likely to have more favorable scores.Conclusion:Our results show adequate validity of the FSA nutrient profiling system to characterize individual diets in a French context.The NutriNet-Sante Study was registered in the European Clinical Trials Database(EudraCT) as 2013-000929-31.