声符累计频率对留学生汉字字音成绩的影响

A study of the influence of neighboring phonetics on L2 Chinese learners' phonetics learning

统计式学习是人类单词学习中的普遍现象。本文通过汉字注音任务考察形声字声符累计频率对外国留学生字音成绩的影响,结果发现:(1)声符累计频率效应显著;(2)声符累计频率的读音特性调节着形声字读音一致性效应的表现,目标字的声符累计频率读音友性强时(规则读音累计>不规则读音累计),读音不一致未出现干扰作用;累计频率读音敌性强时(规则读音累计<不规则读音累计),出现经典的读音不一致劣势效应;(3)声符累计频率影响的深度和持续性受目标字频率以及学习者因素的调节,表现为在低频字中影响更大、持续时间更长,成绩较好的被试更早从规则累计读音中获益。文章还讨论了上述结果在教学中的应用。

Neighboring phonetics is an important factor affecting the pronunciation learning of Chinese phonetics in Chinese character learning.In this study,the accumulative effect of pronunciation of neighboring phonetics in L2 Chinese phonetic learning is tested.The results show:(1)the accumulative pronunciation effect is significant.No matter whether the target words are regular or semi-regular phonetics,highly regular-based accumulative pronunciation frequencies promote learning,whereas the highly irregular accumulative pronunciation frequencies harm learning;(2)the target word frequencies and the learner factors modulate the above influences.The results suggest that,statistical learning is a common phenomenon in human word learning.