结构助词“的”的认知主观性与符号化过程

The Cognitive Subjectivity and Symbolized Process of Structural Particle“的(de)”

要系统地解释结构助词“的”的主要性质和功能,应有宏观的视野,需重新审视句法、语义、语用、认知等范畴的内涵和关系,核心是强调语义的认知主观性、语用过程与产物的有序多样性。从语义上看,“的”标记认知上的“特征·对象”框架,从语用上看,通过特征化、对象化、指称、修饰、区别等过程,“的”能辅助产出形容词性成分、名词性成分、定中短语,能充当定语、状语、补语,也能充当主语、宾语。形容词性成分和描写性定语等侧重的是“特征”,名词性成分、限制性定语、主宾语等侧重的是“对象”。“的”的句法功能是认知主观性和符号化过程的综合。

In order to systematically explain the main properties and functions of structural particle“De”,we need to re-examine its syntactic,semantic,pragmatic and cognitive meanings and the relationships among them.The key is to underline semantic cognitive subjectivity and the diversity of pragmatic process and product.Semantically,“De”marks the cognitive frame of“Characteristic·Object”;pragmatically,by the processes of characterization,object-orientation,referring,modification,and distinguishing,it can help to generate these grammar elements such as adjectives,nouns,attributives,and can act as adnominal,adverbial,and complement adjunct,as well as subject and object.The adjective and descriptive attributive elements point to“Characteristics”,while nominal and restrictive attributive elements,subject,object point to“Object”.The syntactic function of“De”sums up its cognitive subjectivity and symbolizing process.