安徽利辛方言“搁”的语法化

The Grammaticalization of Ge(搁)in Lixin Speech in Anhui Province

利辛方言的“搁”是“放置”义的三价动词,由于施事不出现,受事前置而话题化,使之演变为“存在”义的二价动词。而由于常用作连谓句的第一动词,二价的“搁”虚化为“在”和“从”义的介词。“V+搁+NP”是“搁”虚化的另一机制,因前一动词蕴含“搁”的“放置”义素,使得“搁”虚化为表“存在”义的介词。另,由于“搁”经常用于假设句中,便逐渐发展为用于句首的假设连词。

Gein Lixin speech is a trivalent verb that means to put,because of omissions of the subject and prepositive the object,it has changed to a bivalent verb that means to exist.And because it is always used as the first verb of a sentence with consecutive verbs,it has changed to be a preposition that meas at or from.V+Ge+Np is another mechanism of the grammaticalization of Ge;because the former verb contains the semanteme to put of Ge,Ge has become a preposition,with the meaning of at.Moreover,Ge was always used in hypothetical sentences,so it has changed to a sentence-initial hypothetical conjunction.