四川省绵阳市15岁中学生口腔健康现状调查

Investigating on oral health of 15-year-old middle students in Mianyang, Sichuan

目的调查15岁中学生口腔健康现状,为制定针对中学生口腔疾病防治策略提供依据。方法以四川省绵阳市游仙区、涪城区和江油市3个区(市)15岁中学生747人为调查对象,参考第三次全国口腔健康调查方案进行调查,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行数据分析。结果 747名调查对象患龋率为33.73%(252/747),其中男性患龋率28.90%(113∕391)低于女性39.04%(139∕356),差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.579,P<0.05);城乡比较患龋率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。龋均为0.49,其中男性(0.43)低于女性(0.56),差异有统计学意义(t=2.550,P<0.05);城市儿童龋均(0.52)高于农村(0.47),差异有统计学意义(t=2.021,P<0.05);调查对象牙龈出血检出率为15.80%(118∕747),不同性别及居住区域牙龈出血检出率差异均无统计学意义。牙结石检出率为26.77%(200∕747),其中城市30.33%(101∕333)高于农村23.91%(99∕414),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.966,P<0.05);不同性别牙结石检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。调查对象牙颌畸主要表现为切牙段拥挤和上前牙覆盖,切牙段拥挤的检出率为25.44%(190∕747),其中城市33.93%(113∕333)高于农村18.60%(77∕414),差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.883,P<0.001);不同性别比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。切牙段有间隙、正中有间隙、上前牙覆盖和下前牙覆盖的检出率分别为5.09%(38∕747)、3.35%(25/747)、26.91%(201∕747)和0.94%(7∕747),不同性别及居住区域比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论建议加强绵阳市15岁中学生口腔健康干预工作,应重点针对女性中学生开展有效的口腔健康促进工作。

Objective To investigate the current situation of 15- year- old age group children's oral health; to provide references for the development of students' oral prevention strategies. Methods 747 secondary 15-year-old students of in Fucheng, Youxian and Jiangyou district were included in the research. Protocols of the third national survey were used to observe students' oral health. SPSS was used to analysis the results. Results The caries incidence was 33.73% totally(252/747). The incidence in males(28.90%)(113∕391) was lower than in females(39.04%)(139∕356). The difference was statistic significant χ2=8.579,P<0.05). There was no significant difference between incidence of caries in rural area and in urban area. The average caries that children had was 0.49 totally, in which males'(0.43) was lower than females'(0.56)(t=2.021,P<0.05); average caries of urban children aged 15(0.52) was higher than that of rural children(0.47)(t=2.021, P<0.05). Bleeding-gum detectable rate was 15.80%(118∕747), which showed no relevance with gender and residential districts. The dental calculus prevalence was 26.77% totally(200∕747); there was significant difference between prevalence in rural area(30.33%, 101∕333) and in urban area(23.91%, 99∕414)(χ2=4.966,P<0.05). Incisors crowding rate of children aged 15 was 25.44% totally(190∕747); the rate for urban students was 33.93%(113∕333) which was higher than that of rural students(18.60%, 77∕414)(χ2=28.883,P<0.001). Conclusions It is necessary to focus on children's oral health interventions, especially young girls.