2500名儿童接种重组酵母乙肝疫苗免疫效果观察

A study of immune effects of recombinant yeast-derived Hepatitis B vaccine on 2500 children

目的观察重组酵母乙肝疫苗在儿童广泛使用后的免疫效果及免疫持久性。方法对2004-2007年在广州市黄埔区妇幼保健院体检入托与入学的2 500名儿童进行乙肝疫苗免疫后血清学调查;对检测HBsAg、抗-HBc和抗-HBs全部阴性的儿童,加强接种3剂乙肝疫苗(10μg/支),1个月后检测抗-HBs。结果儿童完成基础免疫后随着年龄的增长,HBsAg和抗-HBc阳性率逐渐升高(χ2趋势分别为8.071和19.633,P<0.05),而抗-HBs阳性率逐渐降低(χ2趋势=23.172,P<0.05);加强疫苗接种3剂后,不同年龄组抗-HBs阳性率存在明显差异:随着年龄增长,抗体阳性率逐渐降低,由最高的98.45%(2~4岁组)降为80.45%(12~14岁组),差异有统计学意义(χ2趋势=56.324,P<0.05)。结论重组酵母乙肝疫苗免疫效果良好,必要时需加强免疫,增加抗体应答者的长期免疫效果,发挥其免疫保护作用。

Objective To observe the immunological effect and immunological persistence of recombinant yeast-derived Hepatitis B vaccine(YDV) in children after its widespread use. Methods Serological surveys were done after the injection of YDV in 2 500 children who do physical examination into the nursery and school at Huangpu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital in 2004-2007; when the detection of HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs of children were all negative, YDV(10 μg /agent) was injected and the detection of anti-HBs would be done after a month. Results With the growth of age, HBsAg and anti-HBc positive rate gradually increased after the completion of the basic immunization(χ2 trend= 8.071,P<0.05; χ2 trend=19.633,P<0.05), while the anti- HBs positive rate gradually decreased(χ2 trend= 23.172,P<0.05); after a strengthened vaccination, the anti-HBs positive rates were significant difference between different age groups: the antibody positive rate was gradually reduced with the growth of age, dropped from 98.36%(2 to 4 age group) to 80.32%( 12 to 14 age group), the difference was statistically significant(χ2 trend=56.324,P<0.05). Conclusions The effects of YDV is well and should be strengthened immunity when it is necessary, increase antibody responders' long-term immunological effect and play its role in immune protection.