2016年北京市怀柔区成人血脂异常流行特征及影响因素分析

Analysis on the epidemic characteristics and factors of dyslipidemia among adult residents in Huairou district of Beijing in 2016

目的探讨北京市怀柔区成年居民血脂异常流行特征及其影响因素,为制定血脂异常的卫生政策和干预策略提供参考依据。方法于2016年8—12月采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽取怀柔区16个镇乡/街道的5 049名18～79岁常住居民,进行问卷调查、体格检查及血生化检测。结果北京市怀柔区成年居民血脂异常患病率为39.54%(标化患病率为42.27%);高甘油三酯(TG)血症、高总胆固醇(TC)血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)血症患病率分别为15.95%、5.23%、5.09%和18.73%,标化患病率分别为15.89%、3.30%、4.38%和26.74%。男性和女性血脂异常患病率标化后差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15 224.482,P<0.001),不同年龄组间差异无统计学意义(χ~2=8.429,P=0.034),不同体质量指数(BMI)人群血脂异常患病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=92.984,P<0.000 1)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、超重、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病是怀柔区成年居民血脂异常的危险因素,山区和低体重是怀柔区成年居民血脂异常的保护因素。结论北京市怀柔区常住居民血脂异常患病率已达到较高的水平,建议控制血脂异常相关危险因素,加强血脂异常的综合防制力度。

Objective To investigate the situation of dyslipidemia and related factors of residents in Huairou district of Beijing, and toprovide the scientific basis for developing health policies and intervention strategies in Huairou district. Methods From August to December in 2016, totally 5 049 residentsaged 18-79 years old were selected in 16 towns of Huairou districtby multi-stage stratified random sampling method. A questionnaire investigation, physical examination and blood biochemical tests were performed. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Huairou district was 39.54%(the standard prevalance rate was 42.27%). The prevalence rates of high triglyceride(TG), high total cholesterol(TC), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) were 15.95%, 5.23%, 5.09% and 18.73%, respectively, and their standard prevalence rates were 15.89%, 3.30%, 4.38% and 26.74%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia between males and females after standardization(χ~2=15 224.482,P<0.001); there was no difference among different age groups(χ~2=8.429, P=0.034); there was a significant difference in different body mass index(BMI) groups(χ~2=92.984, P<0.000 1). Multivariate unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that women, overweight, obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes were risk factors and living in mountainous areas and underweight were protection factors of dyslipidemia for Huairou adult residents. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Huairou district in Beijing has reached a high level, and it is suggested to control the associated risk factors of dyslipidemia and strengthen the comprehensive prevention of dyslipidemia.