2011—2017年北京城乡人群血尿素氮水平与高血压的关系探讨

Relationship between blood urea nitrogen level and hypertension in urban and rural areas in Beijing in 2011-2017

目的了解北京地区城市与农村居民高血压相关流行现状,探讨城市与农村居民高血压的危险因素的差异,为更好地防治高血压提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样对2011年1月—2017年12月北京市双井社区居民和王四营农村居民进行纵向随访调查。用广义估计方程分析血尿素氮与高血压发病之间的关系。结果本研究的分析样本为824例社区居民(城市364人,农村460人)。在城市的研究对象中,在调整了年龄、性别、低密度脂蛋白、胆固醇后,城市人群相对于农村人群,模型一的OR值以及95%CI为0.80 (0.74～0.87, P<0.001),模型二的OR值以及95%CI为0.81 (0.75～0.88, P<0.001),模型三的OR值以及95%CI为0.85(0.78～0.92, P<0.001)。校正了其他指标后,高尿素氮相对于正常尿素氮人群,模型一的OR值以及95%CI为1.19 (1.11～1.28, P<0.001),模型二的OR值以及95%CI为1.18 (1.10～1.27, P<0.001),模型三的OR值以及95%CI为1.17 (1.09～1.25, P<0.001)。结论城市人群血尿素氮越高者患高血压的风险越高,可为北京地区高血压的精准防治、早期诊断和预防提供支持。

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension-related epidemics among urban and rural residents in Beijing and to explore the differences in the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors among urban and rural residents,and to provide scientific evidence for better prevention and treatment of hypertension.Methods In the period from January 2011 to December 2017,a cluster of random sampling methods was used to conduct a longitudinal follow-up survey of residents of the Beijing Shuangjing and Wangsiying communities.The relationship between blood urea nitrogen and the onset of hypertension was explored using a generalized estimating equation analysis method.Results The analysis sample of this study was 824 community residents(364 in urban areas and 460 in rural areas).In urban subjects,after adjusting for age,gender,low-density protein,and cholesterol,the OR and 95%CI of model 1 were 0.80(0.74-0.87,P<0.001)compared with the rural population.The OR of the model 2 and 95%CI were 0.81(0.75-0.88,P<0.001),and the OR of the model 3 and 95%CI were 0.85(0.78-0.92,P<0.001).After adjusting for other indicators,the high urea nitrogen relative to the normal urea nitrogen population,the OR of the model 1 and 95%CI was 1.19(1.11-1.28,P<0.001),and the OR of the model 2 and 95%CI was 1.18(1.10-1.27,P<0.001),OR of model 3 and 95%CI was 1.17(1.09-1.25,P<0.001).Conclusion The higher the blood urea nitrogen in urban populations,the higher the risk of hypertension,it can provide support for accurate prevention,early diagnosis and prevention of hypertension in Beijing.